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Caenis (mayfly)

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Caenis
Caenis horaria
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Ephemeroptera
Family: Caenidae
Genus: Caenis
Stephens, 1835

Caenis is a genus of mayflies. They are very small in size, sometimes with a body of only an 1/8 of an inch (3.2 mm).

Distribution and ecology

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Caenis is one of the most abundant mayfly genera of the Holarctic. Larvae can occur in high densities on the bottoms of shallow ponds and lakes up to an altitude of 1800 meters in the [Alps].[1]

Densities of 700-1700 larvae per square meter have been reported for C. luctuosa and C. horaria on bottoms covered with organic detritus or decaying leaves. Densities on mineral sediments are an order of magnitude lower (4-330 animals per square meter).[2]

Species

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The following are included in BioLib.cz:[3]

  1. Caenis abdita Malzacher, 2013
  2. Caenis acutostilata Malzacher, 2021
  3. Caenis aethiopica Navás, 1935
  4. Caenis afrocaenoides Malzacher, 2021
  5. Caenis alicae Malzacher, 1990
  6. Caenis americani Srinivasan, Sivaruban, Barathy, Malzacher & Isack, 2021
  7. Caenis amica Hagen, 1861
  8. Caenis amurensis Kluge, 1986
  9. Caenis anceps Traver, 1935
  10. Caenis antelucana Malzacher, 1990
  11. Caenis antoniae Malzacher, 1992
  12. Caenis argentina Navás, 1915
  13. Caenis argillosa Kang & Yang, 1994
  14. Caenis arunachalami Srinivasan et al., 2023
  15. Caenis arwini McCafferty & Davis, 2001
  16. Caenis aspera Tong & Dudgeon, 2002
  17. Caenis bajaensis Allen & Murvosh, 1983
  18. Caenis basuto Demoulin, 1970
  19. Caenis belfiorei Malzacher, 1986
  20. Caenis bella Kang & Yang, 1994
  21. Caenis berneri Kimmins, 1956
  22. Caenis beskidensis Sowa, 1973
  23. Caenis bicornis Tong & Dudgeon, 2002
  24. Caenis binda Suter, Mynott & Webb, 2023
  25. Caenis brevipes Kimmins, 1956
  26. Caenis burmeisteri Malzacher, 1990
  27. Caenis candelata Malzacher, 1986
  28. Caenis candida Harper & Harper, 1981
  29. Caenis capensis (Barnard, 1932)
  30. Caenis carloi Thomas, Marie & Dia, 2000
  31. Caenis catherinae Hofmann & Thomas, 1999
  32. Caenis chamie Alba-Tercedor & Mosquera, 1999
  33. Caenis cibaria Eaton, 1879
  34. Caenis cigana Pereira & Da-Silva, 1990
  35. Caenis cincta Demoulin, 1956
  36. Caenis corana Thomas & Sartori, 1989
  37. Caenis corbeti Malzacher, 1990
  38. Caenis cornigera Kang & Yang, 1994
  39. Caenis cornuta (Tshernova, 1952)
  40. Caenis corpulenta Kang & Yang, 1994
  41. Caenis cubensis Malzacher, Naranjo, González-Lazo & Kluge, 2007
  42. Caenis cuniana Froehlich, 1969
  43. Caenis dangi (Soldán, 1986)
  44. Caenis demoulini van Bruggen, 1954
  45. Caenis diminuta Walker, 1853
  46. Caenis dominguezi Malzacher, 2001
  47. Caenis douglasi Malzacher, 1993
  48. Caenis duodecima Malzacher, 1990
  49. Caenis edwardsi Kimmins, 1939
  50. Caenis eglinensis Pescador & Richard, 2006
  51. Caenis elouardi Malzacher, 1990
  52. Caenis fasciata Navás, 1927
  53. Caenis femina Hofmann & Sartori, 1999
  54. Caenis fittkaui Malzacher, 1986
  55. Caenis fregatula Malzacher, 2013
  56. Caenis gattolliati Malzacher, 2010
  57. Caenis ghibana Malzacher, 1990
  58. Caenis gilbonensis Malzacher, 1992
  59. Caenis gilliesi Malzacher, 1990
  60. Caenis gonseri Malzacher, 2001
  61. Caenis grafi Malzacher, 2021
  62. Caenis granifera Kang & Yang, 1994
  63. Caenis gretathunbergae Malzacher, 2021
  64. Caenis hanleyi Suter, Mynott & Webb, 2023
  65. Caenis helenae Malzacher, 2012
  66. Caenis hilaris (Say, 1839)
  67. Caenis hissari Kluge, 1985
  68. Caenis hoggariensis Grandi, 1951
  69. Caenis horaria (Linnaeus, 1758)
  70. Caenis inflexa (Kopelke, 1981)
  71. Caenis insularis Demoulin, 1969
  72. Caenis jinjana Kimmins, 1956
  73. Caenis jinjanoides Malzacher, 2011
  74. Caenis johannae Malzacher, 1996
  75. Caenis jungi Braasch, 1980
  76. Caenis kaegies Srinivasan et al., 2023
  77. Caenis karenae Malzacher, 2021
  78. Caenis kimminsis Ali, 1967
  79. Caenis kivuensis Demoulin, 1956
  80. Caenis knowlesi Gillies & Knowles, 1990
  81. Caenis kohli Malzacher, 2011
  82. Caenis kopetdagi Kluge, 1985
  83. Caenis kungu Eaton, 1879
  84. Caenis lactea (Burmeister, 1839)
  85. Caenis latipennis Banks, 1907
  86. Caenis liebenauae Malzacher, 1990
  87. Caenis longiforcipata Malzacher, 2021
  88. Caenis lubrica Tong & Dudgeon, 2002
  89. Caenis luctuosa (Burmeister, 1839)
  90. Caenis ludicra Navás, 1924
  91. Caenis ludovici Malzacher, 2021
  92. Caenis macafferti Provonsha, 1990
  93. Caenis macronyx Kluge, 1986
  94. Caenis macrura Stephens, 1835
  95. Caenis maculata (Tshernova, 1952)
  96. Caenis maduraiensis Balasubramanian & Muthukatturaja, 2021
  97. Caenis magnipilosa (Kopelke, 1981)
  98. Caenis malzacheri Sartori & Gattolliat, 2008
  99. Caenis marataoan Nascimento et al., 2022
  100. Caenis margherita Malzacher, 1990
  101. Caenis martae Belfiore, 1984
  102. Caenis melanoleuca Zhou & Zheng, 2004
  103. Caenis miliaria (Tshernova, 1952)
  104. Caenis moe Hwang & Bae, 1999
  105. Caenis montana Kang & Yang, 1994
  106. Caenis nachoi Alba-Tercedor & Zamora Muñoz, 1993
  107. Caenis namorona Malzacher, 1995
  108. Caenis nasuta Malzacher, 2021
  109. Caenis nausicaae Malzacher, 2010
  110. Caenis nemoralis Navás, 1922
  111. Caenis nervulosa Malzacher, 1990
  112. Caenis nigricola Malzacher, 2011
  113. Caenis nigropunctata Klapálek, 1905
  114. Caenis nishinoae Malzacher, 1996
  115. Caenis nitida Kang & Yang, 1994
  116. Caenis noctivaga Malzacher, 1990
  117. Caenis obtusostilata Malzacher, 2021
  118. Caenis occulta Malzacher, 1990
  119. Caenis octulusa Malzacher, 2012
  120. Caenis oromo Malzacher, 2021
  121. Caenis orthostilata Malzacher, 2011
  122. Caenis pallida Malzacher, 1990
  123. Caenis panamensis Malzacher, 2001
  124. Caenis parabrevipes Malzacher, 1992
  125. Caenis parisi Malzacher, 2012
  126. Caenis parviforceps (Zhou, Gui & Su, 2000)
  127. Caenis perpusilla Walker, 1853
  128. Caenis pflugfelderi Malzacher, 1990
  129. Caenis philippinensis (Ulmer, 1924)
  130. Caenis picea Kimmins, 1947
  131. Caenis piscina Kimmins, 1947
  132. Caenis plaumanni Malzacher, 2001
  133. Caenis pseudamica Malzacher, 1990
  134. Caenis pseudorivulorum Keffermüller, 1960
  135. Caenis punctata McDunnough, 1931
  136. Caenis pusilla Navás, 1913
  137. Caenis pustula Tiunova, 1999
  138. Caenis pycnacantha Jia, Qin, Ju & Zhou, 2010
  139. Caenis pygmaea Costa, 1888
  140. Caenis quatipuruica Malzacher, 1986
  141. Caenis reissi Malzacher, 1986
  142. Caenis rivulorum Eaton, 1884
  143. Caenis robusta Eaton, 1885
  144. Caenis rugosa Malzacher, 1995
  145. Caenis rutila Malzacher, 1995
  146. Caenis scotti Ulmer, 1930
  147. Caenis sebastiani Malzacher, 2013
  148. Caenis sigillata Malzacher, 1985
  149. Caenis sinensis Gui & Zhou, 1999
  150. Caenis solida Malzacher, 2010
  151. Caenis spinosa Malzacher, 1995
  152. Caenis srinagari Traver, 1939
  153. Caenis strugaensis Ikonomov, 1961
  154. Caenis subota Malzacher, 2012
  155. Caenis taratopo Molineri, 2009
  156. Caenis tardata McDunnough, 1931
  157. Caenis teipunensis Molineri, Grillet, Nieto, Domínguez & Guerrero, 2011
  158. Caenis tenella (Navás, 1932)
  159. Caenis tuba Hwang & Bae, 1999
  160. Caenis ulmeriana Malzacher, 2015
  161. Caenis unidigitata Malzacher, 2013
  162. Caenis uruzu Molineri & Malzacher, 2007
  163. Caenis valentinae Grandi, 1951
  164. Caenis vanuatensis Malzacher & Staniczek, 2007
  165. Caenis venkataramani Srinivasan et al., 2023
  166. Caenis vermifera Malzacher, 2011
  167. Caenis yangi Kang & Yang, 1996
  168. Caenis youngi Roemhild, 1984

Varia

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Imitations of this mayfly in hook sizes as small as # 28 are used for fly-fishing.[4] Tying fly imitations this small is difficult, hence the nickname "Anglers Curse."

References

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Wikispecies has information related to Caenis.
  1. ^ Menetrey, N; B Oertli; M Sartori; A Wagner; JB Lachavanne (2008). "Eutrophication: are mayflies (Ephemeroptera) good bioindicators for ponds?". Hydrobiologia. 597 (1): 125–135. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9223-x.
  2. ^ Int Panis, L; Bervoets L; Verheyen RF (1995). "The spatial distribution of Caenis horaria (L., 1758)(Caenidae, Ephemeroptera) in a pond in Niel (Belgium)". Bull. Ann. Soc. R. Ent. Belg. 131: 47–51.
  3. ^ BioLib.cz: genus Caenis Stephens, 1835 (retrieved 24 March 2024)
  4. ^ Jason Neuswanger. "Mayfly Genus Caenis (Angler's Curses)". Troutnut.com. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
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